Методический сундучок
Mishina Svetlana Vladimirovna, senior educator
Merenyukova Ekaterina Aleksandrovna, psychologist
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МАДОУ "Детский сад № 59 комбинированного вида" Советский район г. Казань
Portrait of a hyperactive child
Such a child is often called "lively", "perpetual motion machine", tireless. The kid, standing on his feet, immediately ran, since then he has been in a hurry somewhere, ahead of himself. It all seems to be hinged. Hands are especially disobedient, they touch everything, grab, break, pull, throw. And the legs? A hyperactive child does not have such a word as "walking", his legs are worn all day, they catch up with someone, jump up, jump over. Even this child's head is in constant motion. But trying to see more, the child rarely grasps the point. The glance slides only over the surface, satisfying momentary curiosity. Curiosity is not peculiar to him, he rarely asks questions "why", "why". And if he does, he forgets to listen to the answer. Although the child is in constant motion, there is a lack of coordination: clumsy, when running and walking, he drops objects, breaks toys, and often falls. His body is in scratches and bumps, splinters cannot be counted, but nevertheless he fills the same “bumps” again, without drawing conclusions from previous experience. Such a kid does not seem to have the instinct of self-preservation at all.
Restlessness, absent-mindedness, inattention, negativism are the characteristic features of his behavior. Such a child is more impulsive than his peers, his mood changes very quickly: either unrestrained joy, or endless whims. He often behaves aggressively. Usually he is the noisiest, in the center of the fight, the commotion, so where is the pampering, leprosy. Such a kid hardly learns skills and does not understand many tasks. His self-esteem is often underestimated. The kid does not know what relaxation is, he calms down only when he sleeps. But you can't put him to bed during the day, he sleeps only at night, but he is very restless. In public places, such a child immediately attracts the attention of others, because he tries to touch everything with his hands, climb everywhere, grab something, completely disobeys his parents. Parents of hyperactive children have a hard time from the very birth of a baby. From the very beginning, he sleeps poorly, little and very restlessly, and early refuses daytime sleep. With such a baby, you constantly have to be near, follow his every movement.
In the meantime, there is no need to know about it. ”
Causes of hyperactivity.
There are many opinions about the causes of hyperactivity. Many researchers note that the number of such children is growing every year. The study of such developmental features is in full swing. To date, among the causes of occurrence are:
- genetic (hereditary predisposition);
- biological (organic brain damage during pregnancy, birth trauma);
- socio-psychological (microclimate in the family, alcoholism of parents, living conditions, wrong line of upbringing).